Biography of Morarji Desai

Morarji Desai

Tenure - 24 March 1977 - 28 July 1979

Birth - 29 February 1896 (Bhadalee, Bombay Presidency)

Death - April 10, 1995

Political party - Janata Party

Morarji Desai (February 29, 1896 - 10 April 1995) was the freedom fighter of India and the sixth Prime Minister of the country (from 1977 to 79). He was the first Prime Minister to belong to the other party rather than the Indian National Congress. He is the only person who has been honored with the highest honor of India, Bharat Ratna and Pakistan's highest honor, Mark-e-Pakistan.

He became prime minister at 81 years of age. Many times he tried to become Prime Minister but failed. But it is not that Morarji was not able to become a Prime Minister. In fact, he was unfortunate that despite being the senior-most leader, he did not even become the Prime Minister after the demise of Pandit Nehru and Lal Bahadur Shastri. Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister of the country in March 1977 but his term as Prime Minister did not complete. Due to differences with Chaudhary Charan Singh, he had to quit the post of Prime Minister.

Life introduction

Morarji Desai was born on February 29, 1896 in Bhadale, Gujarat. They belonged to a Brahmin family. His father Ranchodji Desai was a school teacher in Bhavnagar (Saurashtra). He used to suffer from depression (depression and sadness), so he ended his life by jumping into the well. Morarji Desai was married on the third day of her father's death.

Morarji Desai's education began in Elphinstone College, Mumbai, which was considered to be quite expensive and expensive at that time. In Mumbai, Morarji Desai remained in the free housing house known as Gokuldas Tejpal. At one time there were 40 learners could live. Morarji Desai was a prudent student of average intelligence in student life. He was also made the secretary of the college debate team, but Morarji himself would have been hardly involved in any debate competition. Morarji Desai had heard the conversations of Mahatma Gandhi, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and other Congress leaders in his college life.

Business life

Morarji Desai made up his mind to apply for Bombay Provincial Civil Service where direct recruitments were made by the government. In July 1917, he got an entry in the university training course. Here he received equal rights and privileges like British people. Morarji became an officer while living here. In May 1918, he arrived in Ahmedabad on deputation as a Sub-District Magistrate. He worked under the British Collector (District Magistrate), Cheetfield. Morarji could not achieve special advancement for 11 years due to his orthodox nature and reached the collector's personal assistant post.

Political life

Morarji Desai quit the British government in 1930 and became a soldier of freedom struggle. In 1931, he became the Secretary of the Congress Committee of Gujarat Pradesh. He established the All India Youth Congress's branch and became its president on the instructions of Sardar Patel. In 1932, Moraraji was sentenced to two years of imprisonment. Morarji was secretary to the Gujarat Pradesh Congress Committee till 1937. After this he joined the Congress cabinet of Bombay State. During this time it was believed that Morarji Desai's personality has complexities. He puts himself above his point and believes right. For this reason people used to call them satirical 'supreme leader'. Moraraji liked to be told that. In Gujarat's newspapers, satire about his personality was often published. In cartoons, their pictures were accompanied by a long stick in which they were shown wearing Gandhi cap. It was satirical that it was affected by Gandhiji's personality but a stubborn person who stuck to his point of view.

Due to participation in the freedom struggle, Morarji Desai spent many years in the jails. At the time of the country's independence, his name was weighted in national politics. But Morarji's primary interest was in the politics of the state. This is the reason that in 1952 he was made the Chief Minister of Bombay. By this time, Gujarat and Maharashtra were known as Bombay Provinces and there was no separate formation of both the states. Morarji was made Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister after Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1967. But he was frustrated with the fact that instead of being a senior Congress leader, Indira Gandhi was made Prime Minister instead. This is the reason that Morarji kept continuously interrupting the revolutionary measures taken by Indira Gandhi. Indeed, at the time when Mr. Kamaraj had announced the appointment of Indira Gandhi as Prime Minister on the recommendation of Syndicate, Morarji was also involved in the prime minister's race. When he did not accept it in any way, the party made an election on this issue and Indira Gandhi jumped out with a heavy margin. Indira Gandhi gave her the post of Deputy Prime Minister for the satisfaction of Morarji's ego.

Prime Minister's post

The discipline that Congress had in the time of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru started to scatter after his death. Many members considered themselves bigger than the party. Morarji Desai was also one of them. Mr. Lal Bahadur Shastri acted like a loyal soldier of the Congress party. He never asked for any post from the party. But in this case Morarji Desai remained in the exception. Their differences with the Congress organization were world-class and the country's prime minister was involved in their priorities. When Indira Gandhi realized that Morarji Desai was creating difficulties for them, she started shrapping on Morarji. For this reason it was natural to feel embarrassed. When the Congress split in the form of Congress-R and Congress-O in November 1969, Morarji Desai migrated to the Congress-O of Syndicate instead of Indira Gandhi's Congress-AI. Then in 1975 he joined the Janata Party. When the Lok Sabha elections were held in March 1977, the Janata Party got a clear majority. But here also two other contenders of the Prime Minister were present- Chaudhary Charan Singh and Jagjivan Ram. But Jayaprakash Narayan, who used to be a Congressman himself, took advantage of his position of King Maker and supported Morarji Desai.

After this, on March 23, 1977, 81 years old Morarji Desai took charge of the Indian Prime Minister. In the earliest period of his prime ministership, the governments in which the Congress ruled the Congress were dissolved, and the announcement of new elections in the states was also announced. It was undemocratic and unconstitutional. The Janata Party, Indira Gandhi and his supported Congress were determined to cleanse the country. But this act was not appreciated by the intellectuals.